摘  要：为对蓄电池进行准确的容量测试，设计一种基于51单片机的新型蓄电池容量检测仪。该装置通过恒流电路控制蓄电池的放电，然后通过A/D转换采样，采集并存储蓄电池在放电过程中的放电电压值样本得到放电曲线，计算出被测蓄电池的准确容量，通过蓄电池电压能够快速估算出该时刻对应电池剩余容量值。测试结果表明：该容量检测仪精度良好，测量误差在1%以内，能够快速准确判定蓄电池剩余容量，具有较高的实用性与推广价值。
关键词：蓄电池；容量检测；MOSFET晶体管；快速测量；51单片机
中图分类号：TM912；TM930.114；TP368.2；TP274      文献标志码：A      文章编号：1674-5124（2013）05-0068-04
New intelligent battery capacity detector based on 51 MCU
XIA Gui-shu
（Aviation Engineering Institute，Civil Aviation Flight University of China，Guanghan 618307，China）
Abstract: The new intelligent battery capacity detector based on 51 MCU is proposed for testing the battery capacity accurately. This device controls the battery discharge through the constant current circuit， and then the voltage value during its discharge process is measured and the signal is converted by A/D converter. After that， 51 MCU can give the discharge curve and calculate battery capacity accurately. Besides， the current charge state of the battery is figured out according to the voltage value in a quick mode. The result shows that the new capacity detector is with high accuracy and the measurement error is within 1%. Because of this characteristic， the new detector can quickly and accurately determine the remaining battery capacity， so it has high practicality and promotional value.
Key words: battery； capacity detection； MOSFET； quick measurement； 51 MCU