摘  要：通过对青贮饲草微生物数量动态变化及营养价值的检测，旨在探明“核心料”对青贮品质的作用及确定饲草的青贮原料。选择四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州红原县瓦切草场的青贮饲草作为实验原料。实验设计分为青贮老芒麦、添加“核心料”的青贮老芒麦、青贮燕麦3个组。在所有采样时间点，研究青贮饲草的乳酸菌、酵母菌、霉菌数量的3项微生物指标，在青贮起止两个时间点测定pH值、水分、粗蛋白、氨态氮、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维、乳酸含量7项理化指标。研究表明：在青贮过程中，添加“核心料”及采用燕麦为原料能有效降低饲草pH值，抑制青贮过程腐败微生物生长，稳定饲草中蛋白质含量，降低纤维素含量，从而提高青贮营养价值，改善青贮品质。

关键词：老芒麦；燕麦；核心料；青贮

文献标志码：A       文章编号：1674-5124（2015）12-0049-05

Fermentations of Elymus sibiricus Linn and Avena sativa Linn Silage with wrapped

bales in the alpine pastoral areas of northwestern Sichuan

XIA Baixue1， JIN Yan1， JIN Yulan1， ZHAO Changsong1， LI Daxu2， LIU Gang2， SUN Qun1

（1. Key Laboratory of Microbiological Resource and Technology，College of Life Sciences，

Sichuan University，Chengdu 610064，China；

2. Sichuan Academy of Grass land Science，Chengdu, 611731，China）

Abstract: The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of "core materials" on fermentation quality and determine the silage materials of forage through microbial dynamics and nutritional value detection. The forage produced in the Waqie meadow in Tibetan Qiang Autonomous Prefecture of Aba， Sichuan was used as experimental materials. These were divided into three groups， Elymus sibiricus Linn silage， Elymus sibiricus Linn silage with core materials， and Avena sativa Linn silage. Three microbial indicators of lactic acid bacteria， yeast and mold were studied at each sampling time point. At the two starting time points of ensiling， seven physical and chemical characteristics were determined， including pH， moisture， crude protein， Ammonia-N， acid detergent fiber， neutral detergent fiber and lactic acid. The test results show that the core materials added and the choice of Avena sativa Linn can largely decrease the pH value of the forage， inhibit the growth of spoilage microorganism at the stages of ensiling， and improve the nutritional value and silage quality by stabilizing the content of protein and cellulose.

Keywords: Elymus sibiricus Linn； Avena sativa Linn； core material； silage