一种基于d-q变换的基波和谐波检测方案的研究
郭志刚,钱强,刘邹

摘要:微机继电保护是一种检测和保护电网的智能综合装置,它根据所检测的电网基波或谐波信号而对电网起快速的诊断和保护作用,其中基波和谐波电压的实时的、准确的检测是保护电网的重要环节。本文介绍 了d-q坐标变换的基波和n次谐波电压检测的基本原理,在此基础上提出了一种预设d-q转换矩阵频率 的基波或基波的n 次谐波分量检测法。理论分析及仿真结果指出,基于该种预设转换频率 的检测法不会三相电路电压发生畸变而受影响,且检测结果也能实时的反映频率和幅值偏移的变化,验证了该方法的有效性和优越性。 关键词:谐波检测;d-q变换;基波检测;电力系统 A Harmonic Detecting Approach Based on d-q Rotating Coordination Transformation   GUO Zhi-gang, QIAN-Qiang, LIU-Zou (School of Communication and Control Engineering Southern Yangtze University, Wuxi 214122, China) Abstract: microcomputer relay is a kind of intelligent devices used for detecting and protecting power system. Whenever, it quickly calculate whether the power system is wrong or not on the basis of the fundamental and harmonics detected from power system, And according to the calculating results to obviate the troubles, among them, the fundamental and harmonics acquired accurately in time is the most important part of the power system protection process. The basic principle of d-q fundamental and harmonics voltage detection is presented and on this basis a fundamental and harmonics detection method of presumption the transformation frequency  is put forward. The results of the theoretical analysis and MATLAB simulation indicate that the d-q method in this paper can precisely detect the voltage and frequency change of the power system in time, whether the distortion voltage or not in three-phase power system . Key words:Harmonics detection; d-q transformation; Fundamental detection;Power system 1.引言       电力系统发生故障时,信号中不仅含有工频分量,而且含有多种频率成分的谐波分量和非周期分量。而目前绝大多数的微型机继电保护原理都是建立在反映基波或者基波某些整数倍频的谐波分量的基础之上,如变压器保护中用来识别励磁涌流的二次谐波分量法,发电机定子绕组接地保护中接地故障的三次谐波法,三相短路保护的基波法等 [6][7],因此从故障电气量中提取出基波和基于基波的某一次整数倍频谐波就尤为关键,传统的提取方法是采用FFT(快速傅立叶变换)和DFT(离散傅立叶变换)法,但这些算法不具备滤除非周期分量的能力,而且还有一个周期的延时[2],并且要得到所测量的信号需要两次变换,计算量大,实时性不好[4][5]。基于自适应滤波的检测方法有较好的检测精度,但是响应速度慢。而基于瞬时无功功率理论的实时检测方法则很好的解决了这一问题,该方法可使电网中实际电压的畸变不会影响检测精度,而且具有快速的动态响应速度。       本文在d-q 坐标变换检测法的基础上,提出一种新的d-q坐标变换检测方法,通过预选设定 d-q 变换矩阵的频率,从而不要锁相环的电路即能准确检测出负荷电流的基频分量。该方法完全实现了d-q检测的优点,不受电压畸变影响,并能应用于具有不对称负荷的情况,最后用MATLAB/SIMULINK对改进d-q法的检测性能作了动态仿真分析,结果表明了该方法能很好的从电网中检测出该电网的基波或者n次谐波。电压检测精度将不会因实际三相电路发生畸变而受影响   全文下载一种基于d-q变换的基波和谐波检测方案的研究.doc